Carrot Weed (Cotula australis)
After you read this, you will be able to:
- Identify Cotula or Annual Buttonweed.
- Know what conditions favour Annual Buttonweed.
- Know the best options to control Carrot Weed (Cotula australis).
Why is Carrot Weed a Problem Weed?
- It is very competitive. It quickly establishes in disturbed areas, and outcompetes other plants.
- Cotula australis is very unsightly in lawns and gardens.
- Because of its rapid growth and large number of seeds it is difficult to control.
Table Showing Differences Between Common Weeds With Carrot Shaped Leaves.
Weed | Roots | Flowers | Smell when crush | Spiny Burrs |
Carrot Weed | Weak taproot | Pale Yellow with no petals | No | No |
Bindii | Fibrous | Green | No | Yes |
Swinecress | Strong taproot | Green | Yes | No |
- Cotula is often mistaken for Bindii and Swinecress because of its divided (carrot-like) hairy leaves.
- Swinecress has a skunk-like smell whilst Buttonweed has no odour.
- Annual Buttonweed produces pale yellow flowers on the end of stalks in early Winter. Bindii flowers much later, and the flowers have no flower stalks.
Carrot Weed Lifecycle.
- Germinates in the Spring or Autumn.
- Grows rapidly.
- Flowers in the late Winter to Spring.
- Dies back over the Summer.
Over the Autumn and the Spring, the seed germinates and then quickly grows. Then over the late Winter through to the Spring, it produces slender stems, and then flowers. The flower heads are button-like and yellow or white with no ‘petals’.
As the Summer closes in, the annual plants usually die. If they are perennials it is just the top growth that dies away.
How to Identify Carrot weed.
How to Control Carrot Weed?
Cultural and chemical options control Cotula or Annual Buttonweed.
Management Calendar for Carrot Weed or Cotula.
Management Calendar for Carrot Weed or Cotula | ||||||||||||
Annual or Perennial | ||||||||||||
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Germination | ||||||||||||
Flowering | ||||||||||||
Dies Off | ||||||||||||
Pre emergent Herbicide | ||||||||||||
Post emergent Herbicide |
Cultural Control of Carrot Weed.
- If Bachelor’s Button isn’t a major problem, you can remove it by hand. However, you must remove the entire root system to prevent any re-growth.
- Cotula favours damp, moist soils. So deal with any drainage issues and don’t over water.
- If the soil is compact, carry out a soil aeration program. This allows air exchange, and helps excess water move out of the rootzone.
- Feed your turf and use the right turf fertilizer. A thick turf cover makes it difficult for Cotula to compete as the turf grass chokes it out.
- Make sure that you mow at the right height, as this helps favour turf grass over this weed.
Chemical Control of Carrot Weed.
Pre-Emergent Control of Carrot Weed.
- Envu Esplanade is registered in Australia for Buttonweed, and Envu Specticle has a label for this weed in the US.
- In the USA, Isoxaben is recommended prior to germination. After you apply, water it in with 12 mm of irrigation.
Post Emergent Control of Carrot Weed
- 2,4-D.
- Clopyralid.
- Dicamba. Do not use this on Buffalo Grass.
- Duke 100WG Herbicide.
- Rimsulfuron.
- Casper Turf Herbicide has a label for Carrot Weed in South Africa at 800 g to 1 Kg/Ha but not in Australia.
Table of Post Emergents for Carrot Weed.
Product | Active | Chemical Group | Rate/Ha | Comments | ||||
Casper | Prosulfuron + Dicamba | 2 and 4 | 800g-1Kg | Apply from Autumn to Spring. Use high rates in cool months or if high weed pressure. Control takes 4 to 6 weeks. Use an NIS at a rate of 0.25 to 0.5% v/v. | ||||
2,4-D | 2,4-D | 4 | 1.8-3.2 | Wet foliage thoroughly. DO NOT mow lawn for 1 week before and at least 1 weed after application. DO NOT use on Buffalo grass (WA only). | ||||
Duke | Iodosulfuron | 2 | 100g | Always use an NIS or Overtake Oil. Use in 200-500 L/ha water. | ||||
Dicamba | Dicamba | 4 | 1.2L + 3.2L of 2,4-D Amine 625g/L | Use a minimum of 1000L/Ha water. Do not spray on Buffalo or Bent Grass. | ||||
Warhead | MCPA + Clopyralid + Diflufenican | 4 + 12 | 5 L | You may see discolouration on kikuyu, carpet grass and Queensland blue. Avoid overlapping. Use an NIS. |
Non Selective Control of Carrot Weed.
Non selective options for Carrot Weed include Glyphosate (Rapid Fire 800).
If you use Glyphosate and water quality is an issue then we recommend the use of ProForce Manta Ray.
Table of Non Selective Cotula or Carrot Weed Herbicides.
Product | Active | Chemical Group | Rate/Ha |
Glufosinate 200 | Glufosinate-ammonium | 10 | 1-6L |
Rapid Fire 800 | Glyphosate | 9 | 0.9-1.35 Kg |
Numchuk Quad | Terbuthylazine + Glyphosate + Amitrole Oxyfluorfen | 5 + 9 + 34 + 14 | 20-25L |
Cortex Duo | Nonanoic Acid + Oxyfluorfen | 14 | 7L/1000L |
Renegade | Bromacil | 5 | 3.5-6.5Kg |
In Conclusion.
A native weed, Carrot Weed favours moist soils. The first step to manage this weed is to identify any drainage issues. The second step, before you apply any weed killer, is to maintain a healthy turf surface.